January 2006 Newsletter

This issue of the newsletter contains several important items, including two notices concerning the February 23 law passed in France last year and the Society’s response and one regarding the creation of a new web based resource named Archives Made Easy. I would also like to draw you attention to the ballot and voting instructions for electing new officers for the Society. Readers should also take note of the preliminary program for the upcoming annual meeting in Dakar, Senegal. Additional information on the annual meeting, including details of the social program and registration fees, will be posted on the society’s web page (http://www.frenchcolonial.org) as it becomes available.

Echoing this month’s Presidential Message, I would like to draw your attention to the plight of libraries, archives and historical sites damaged by Hurricane Katrina. Information on how you can help is also located on the FCHS web site.

This issue also contains news from our colleagues, several calls for papers, information on the Heggoy Prize, and a request for volunteers from the organizers of the 2007 annual meeting to be held in La Rochelle.

Lastly, I would like to remind everyone to check their mailing labels to ensure that their membership dues are up to date.

Happy New Year!

President’s Message

Looking back over 2005 we see a year of both high and low points for the study of French colonial history. Among the high points were the launching of H-French-Colonial, which in just a few months has proved an indispensable source of information about scholarship, conferences, and, thanks to cross-postings, many related subjects. The past months have also witnessed the firming up of the program of the Society’s 2006 meeting in Dakar this coming May. The program and other news about the Dakar meeting can be found elsewhere in this Newsletter. As you will see, the scholarly side of the program is extremely rich, while conviviality will also be well served with receptions and visits to important sites in and near Dakar.

Much less happy was hurricane Katrina’s devastation of New Orleans and many other places along the Gulf of Mexico coast. Many resources, including libraries, archives, and historical sites of great interest to French colonial historians, suffered substantial damage in the storm and its aftermath. Responding to an appeal by the Society of American Archivists and the Society of Southwest Archivists, the FCHS Executive voted to contribute $500 to the Emergency Disaster Assistance Grant Fund designed to help the recovery needs of archival repositories directly affected. The Executive also urges members of the FCHS to make individual donations; a link to the SAA-SSA’s appeal, which gives information about how to contribute to the assistance fund, can be found on the home page of our website.

In recent weeks, French colonial scholars in France and abroad have been engaged in vigorous discussion about the so-called Law of 23 February, passed in early 2005. Elsewhere in this issue, Nathalie Dessens, historian of slavery in the Southern United States and the Caribbean, and co-organizer of the Society’s superb 2003 conference in Toulouse, explains both the law and the reactions to it. Sue Peabody, our vice-president, also outlines some aspects of the legislation. As she notes, the Executive decided to associate the FCHS with a protest, organized by French university faculty and historical associations, of the law’s article 4, which mandates a specific, politically inspired interpretation of France’s North African colonial history.

On a happier note, this Newsletter contains the ballot for the election of the Society’s officers for the next two years. As you will see, we are fortunate to have an excellent slate of candidates. Please do take the time to vote!

Best wishes for the new year.

Robert DuPlessis

President

Alf Andrew Heggoy Book Prize, 2005-2006

Each year the French Colonial Historical Society presents a book in honor of one of its founding members, Alf Andrew Heggoy. Book prize recognition includes an award of US $350 for the best book published during the previous year dealing with the French colonial experience from the 16th to the 20th century. Books from any academic discipline will be considered but they must approach the consideration of the French colonial experience from an historical perspective. The deadline for this year is March 1, 2006.

Applicants or their publishers should send three copies of books published in 2004 to the chairperson of the book prize committee: Eric Jennings, Department of History, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G3, Canada (eric.jennings@utoronto.ca).

The award will be announced at the annual conference of the French Colonial Historical Society in Dakar, Senegal in May 2006. Members of the Book Prize Committee are Owen White (University of Delaware), Peter Moogk (University of British Columbia), Eric Jennings, Chair (University of Toronto).

Colleagues at Work

Ken Banks is currently researching French contraband trades and their impact on imperial perceptions in the 17^th and 18^th centuries. He is currently a fellow at the Gerder Lehrman Institute and will be taking up fellowships at the American Antiquarian Society and John Carter Brown Library in 2006. He welcomes any contact on this issue. Please send e-mails to kbanks@unca.edu.

Harriet Berg is the founder and Artistic Director of the Mme Cadillac Dance Theatre of Detroit. This organization is the only theatre company focusing on French colonial music and dance at the time of the founding of Detroit. The Mme Cadiallac Dance Theatre re-enacts the first Lord and Lady of Detroit, Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac and his wife Marie-Thérèse Guyon, one of the first French women in the Northwest territory. Other figures include M. and Mme Alphonse de Tonti, assorted voyageurs, and Marie le Page, first woman to own property in Detroit. Upcoming events include a day long celebration of Detroit’s 304^th birthday (Sunday, July 24^th) at the Detroit Historical Museum, an appearance at the Paul Bunyan festival in Oscoda, MI (September) and a tour of schools in the Upper Peninsula in the fall. For further details please call 313-875-6354.

Elizabeth Foster is completing her dissertation entitled “Church and State in the Republic’s Empire: Catholic Missionaries and the Colonial Administration in French Senegal 1880-1936.”

Jordan Kellman is an Assistant Professor of French Colonial History at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. His interests include French Scientific exploration and maritime travel in the 17^th and 18^th centuries, colonial botany, and astronomy in the French Atlantic world.

Nicolas Landry’s article entitled “Les activités de course dans un port colonial français: Plaisance, Terre Neuve, durant la guerre de sucession d’Espagne, 1702-1713" has been published in Acadiensis, XXXIV, no. 1 (Automne 2004) : 56-79.

Amaury Lorin est lauréat du prix littéraire Auguste Pavie* 2005 de l’Académie des Sciences d’Outre-Mer pour son ouvrage Paul Doumer, gouverneur général de l’Indochine (1897-1902), le tremplin colonial (éditions L’Harmattan, collection Recherches asiatiques). *Auguste Pavie (Dinan 1847 – Thourie, Ille-et-Vilaine, 1925), explorateur, consul à Luang Prabang (1886) puis à Bangkok, fit reconnaître par le Siam le protectorat français sur le Laos (1893) et fixa les frontières de ce territoire.

Herman Lebovics’ book entitled When the White Man Oppresses Others, It is His Own Freedom He Loses will be published in 2006 by Duke University Press.

James Pritchard gave invited papers on “Limits to Imperialism: the French Experience” at the Triangle Institute of Strategic Studies “Empires Conference,” held at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill on March 4-5, 2005; and “Denial, Delusion and Hubris: Limits to French Imperialism” at the National War College, Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, DC, April 19, 2005.

Ronald Rompkey, Memorial University of Newfoundland, is at work on an edition of the dispatches sent to the Quai d'Orsay by the French vice-consul at St. John's, Newfoundland, 1885-1903. He has recently published the following: "Eléments du discours de la colonisation dans la littérature de voyage à Terre-Neuve," Etudes canadiennes /Canadian Studies: Revue interdisciplinaire des études canadiennes en France, No. 57 (2004): 23-38.

Sarah Willis is currently completing her Masters degree at Simon Fraser University in French-Vietnamese history. Her thesis looks at representations of the métisse in colonial and post-colonial France, Indochina and Vietnam.

Notice on the “loi du 23 février”

On February 23, 2005, the French National Assembly and Senate adopted law n̊ 2005-158 proposed by the government. As its title indicates, this law “testifies to the nation’s recognition of repatriated French people” [portent reconnaissance de la Nation et contribution nationale en faveur des Français rapatriés].

In France, the repatriate community from North Africa (Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia) is still numerous and very active. The history of the French presence in North Africa is still being written by all those who were part of it, by the government, and also, of course, by historians. The repatriate community still has the feeling that France has forgotten it, that the country has never borne sufficient recognition to those who abandoned the only land they had ever known. This group includes the French who lived in North Africa, but also the “harki” community, those Algerians who had fought for French Algeria and had to flee the country at the time of independence. While the French were repatriated by the authorities, those Algerians faithful to France were left behind and those who managed to flee never received the welcome they should have by the French authorities.

Forty years after the events, the repatriates and harkis are still asking for fair recognition from France. The law was presented as an attempt to grant them this recognition, all the more so because these repatriates represent a strong electoral pressure group.

The law pays homage to those people (as well as those who lived in Indochina) and creates a memorial foundation for the war in Algeria and veterans of Morocco and Tunisia (articles 1, 2, and 3). It also forbids any insult against or defamation of the harkis, as well as any apology for any crime committed against them (article 5). It also resets the amount of the recognition allowances to be paid to the members of the repatriate and harki communities and corrects some terms of previous laws (articles 6 to 13).

The article that is of interest to us, French colonial historians, and that has opened a very heated controversy is article 4. It reads (my translation): “University research programs will grant the history of French overseas presence, notably in North Africa, the place it deserves. School programs will acknowledge in particular the positive role of the French overseas presence, notably in North Africa, and will grant the history and sacrifices of the combatants of the French army originating from these territories the eminent place they are entitled to. Cooperation to connect the oral and written sources available in France and abroad is encouraged.” [Les programmes de recherche universitaire accordent à l’histoire de la présence française outre-mer, notamment en Afrique du Nord, la place qu’elle mérite. Les programmes scolaires reconnaissent en particulier le rôle positif de la présence française outre-mer, notamment en Afrique du Nord, et accordent à l’histoire et aux sacrifices des combattants de l’armée française issus de ces territoires la place éminente à laquelle ils ont droit. La coopération permettant la mise en relation des sources orales et écrites disponibles en France et à l’étranger est encouragée]. The first and last sentences are obviously of interest to us. They encourage the study of French colonial history, as well as availability of the sources for all and cooperation among historians, which is what the French Colonial Historical Society has been doing for so many years.

The most disputed section is, of course, the middle sentence and, in particular, the “positive role of the French overseas presence.” This sentence has triggered a widespread protest among the political adversaries of the French government, and among intellectuals in metropolitan France and the French overseas departments of the West Indies (Martinique and Guadeloupe). Among the protesters were several French thinkers such as Bernard Henri Lévy, Alain Finkelkraut, and Edwy Plenel. The French Martinican authors and defenders of creoleness (créolité) Edouard Glissant and Patrick Chamoiseau have also written a very vocal plea to the French Minister of the Interior [Ministre de l’Intérieur].

Historians have been very active in opposing the law. Famous historians such as Max Gallo and Pierre Vidal-Naquet have vigorously protested, considering, among other things, that the nation is not supposed to tell anyone how to teach history (the title of Vidal-Naquet’s response is “L’Etat n’a pas à dire comment enseigner l’histoire”). High school teachers have protested vehemently as well, signing a petition against the law. The law has likewise triggered reactions among university professors, in particular specialists in colonial history. Among those who reacted were Alain Ruscio and Guy Pervillé, Professor at the University of Toulouse, who participated in the 2003 FCHS conference.

Guy Pervillé has written a relatively measured assessment of the law and a very thoughtful reflection on legislation and history (his reaction may be read at http://www.ldh-toulon.net/article.php3?id_article=571). To him, the law does not negate the negative aspects of colonization since it recommends “in particular” the study of the positive role of French colonization. He also shows that this is not the first law that legislates on how to consider history, referring to the law of 21 May 2001 on slavery and the slave trade. He shows that the law of 23 February 2005 (and any such law) is dangerous because it might encourage other groups to request similar legislation, adding that “historical truth does not need the law to exist” [la vérité historique n’a pas besoin de lois pour exister]. To him, “it is not legislators’ responsibility to define and modify historical truth by successive votes of Parliament to please this or that community” [Il n’appartient pas aux législateurs de la définir et de la modifier par des votes successifs du parlement pour satisfaire telle ou telle communauté].

Pervillé’s conclusion is that involvement of historians in the discussion is essential because it prevents the debate from becoming only political. As he writes, “it is necessary to show that all these laws on memory go far beyond the field of law and abusively intrude on that of history.” [“Il faut montrer que toutes ces lois sur la mémoire dépassent le domaine propre de la loi et empiètent sur celui de l’histoire”]. He criticizes the petition launched by Claude Liauzu for opposing only this specific law instead of fighting against the principle of legislating on how history should be studied and taught. [Elle s’en prend à une seule de ces lois, sans dire qu’elle n’est pas la première en son genre]. He fears that the debate might fall into partisan polemics [le débat risque de verser dans les polémiques partisanes], while it would be much more effective to transcend the war of memory and commemoration instead of fueling it [qui doit être de dépasser la guerre des mémoires et non l’entretenir].

Beyond French political polemics, this is indeed food for thought for the historical community. The text of the law is available at http://www.admi.net/jo/20050224/DEFX0300218L.html

(if the link does not work, google “loi du 23 février 2005” and click on the first link). Guy Pervillé’s reaction can be found at http://www.ldh-toulon.net/article.php3?id_article=571. All the articles against the law may be consulted at http://www.ldh-toulon.net/rubrique.php3?id_article=52

Nathalie Dessens

University of Toulouse-Le Mirail

On November 30, 2005, members of the FCHS executive committee received a copy of a petition challenging the Law of 23 February (la loi du 23 février) from Claude Liauzu <cliauzu@tiscali.fr>, with the request that we sign it before a press conference to be held December 2. After some discussion within the executive committee (all unanimous), Bob Duplessis, President of the FCHS, signed the petition on behalf of the society.

Members of the society might be interested to know that a similar set of issues has arisen in the United States with legislation proposed to forward “the Student Bill of Rights” through the US Congress (see, for example) http://www.studentsforacademicfreedom.org/essays/sbor.html While purporting to safeguard academic freedom, such legislation would, in fact, give power over such matters as curriculum, course content, and faculty personnel decisions to governmental authorities and other agencies outside the faculty and administrations of institutions of higher learning. For these reasons, the American Historical Association discussed a “Resolution Opposing Academic and Student Bills of Rights and Similar Regulations of the Academic Community” at its recent January 2006 meeting.

Sue Peabody

Washington State University

Notices

The London School of Economics has launched a new web resource entitled Archives Made Easy. The website (www.archivesmadeeasy.org) serves as an online guide to archives and offers up information on costs and procedures associated with archival visits. Researchers of all levels are invited to submit or update reviews of archives worldwide.

La revue Politique africaine publiera en juin 2006 un numéro entitulé "Mémoires grises. Passés coloniaux recomposés en Afrique et en Europe" consacré aux mémoires coloniales et à leurs usages politiques présents, thème qui sera abordé dans une perspective comparatiste, donnant lieu à interrogation des phénomènes de productions mémorielles tant dans les anciennes métropoles coloniales qu'en Afrique. L'appel à contribution se trouve en fichier joint. Une version anglaise devrait être bientôt disponible sur le site de la revue.

The National Council for History Education will be hosting its annual conference on the theme “The Americas in World History” in Austin, Texas from March 30-April 1, 2006. For registration and conference details consult the NCHE web site at http://www.nche.net.

The RICHIE network (Résau International de jeunes Chercheurs en Histoire de l’Intégration Européenne/International Research Network of Young Historians of European Integration) seeks to promote contacts between young researchers in European history. The network, which is run by doctoral students and academics from several countries, is involved in organizing conferences, workshops and maintains a mailing list of items of interest to members. For more information about the RICHIE network please visit http://www.europe-richie.org/

Calls for Papers

The Society of Early Americanists (hereafter SEA) invites the FCHS to propose a panel for its fifth biennial conference, which will take place on June 7-10, 2007, at Williamsburg, VA, in conjunction with the 13th annual conference of the OIEAHC, or Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. The FCHS is to come up with one panel (i.e. two to three papers with a chair). Given the focus of the SEA and the OIEAHC, our panel needs to relate to the Americas and be of interest to specialists who belong to the two above-named organizations. A.J.B. (John) Johnston is the FCHS contact person for the panel. So if you have an idea for a paper, or for an entire session, please contact John at john.johnston@pc.gc.ca. One proposal has been received thus far, relating to the lieux de la mémoire of the United States and Canada that have French colonial themes. Though June 2007 sounds like a long way off, John would like to have your ideas and proposals over the coming winter so that the proposed panel is organized by June 2006.

The University of Hull’s Maritime Historical Studies Centre is hosting a conference on July 26, 2006 to commemorate the 50^th anniversary of the nationalization of the Suez Canal. The conference organizers welcome papers on all aspects of the Suez crisis, its causes and consequences. Contributions on the international context and repercussions of Suez are especially encouraged. Proposals (100-150 words) should be sent via e-mail to Dr. Simon C. Smith at s.c.smith@hull.ac.uk. Proposals may also be sent via regular mail to Dr. Smith at the Department of History, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.

The History Department of the University of Toledo is seeking paper submissions for its 2^nd Annual Cultures in Conflict conference. This year’s conference, which will be held at the University of Toledo on April 22-23, 2006, is devoted to the theme “Oceanic Encounters, Entrenchments and Empires 1450-1750.” Individual paper proposals should consist of a 1 page cv, paper title and an abstract of not more than 250 words. Panel proposals should also include a cover sheet with the panel name and a short (250 word) description. Send all proposal submissions to Charles Beatty Medina, Department of History, University of Toledo, Mail Stop #503, Toledo OH 43606 or via e-mail to charles.beattymedina@utoledo.com

Frontiers: A Journal of Women’s Studies is devoting a special issue to the issue of intermarriage between Native Americans and non-Indians. Proposals for the special issue, which will be entitled Intermarriage in American Indigenous History: Explorations in Power and Intimacy in North America, are due June 1, 2006. Manuscripts should not include author names; instead list contact information separately. Submissions should be sent via e-mail to frontiers@asu.edu or segray@asu.edu, along with 3 hard copies addressed to the Editors, Frontiers: A Journal of Women’s Studies, Department of History, Arizona State University, PO Box 874302, Tempe AZ 85287-4302.

French Colonial Historical Society

Société d’histoire coloniale française

2007 Annual Meeting

La Rochelle, France

Philip Boucher, Mickael Ogeron and Bertrand Van Ruymbeke, the organizers of the 2007 FCHS annual meeting to be held in La Rochelle, invite an expert on the modern colonial empire to volunteer to handle North American proposals dealing with the post 1800 period. They would also like feedback from members on the advisability of attempting a 4-5 day long post conference tour of the region, including visits to Nantes, Quiberon, Brest, Saint Malo, Dieppe, Honfleur and Rouen. Members wishing to volunteer to handle proposals for the La Rochelle conference as well as those with an opinion on the post conference tour should contact Philip Boucher via e-mail at boucherp@uah.edu.

French Colonial Historical Society

Société d’histoire coloniale française

Annual Meeting

Dakar, Senegal

May 16-20, 2006

Logistical Information

Local arrangements for the Dakar meeting have not been finalized. Members are advised to periodically check the society’s web site for updates. In particular, members should check both the “Conference Program” and “Dakar Travel Information” tabs.

The FCHS has assembled a group package for for the flight between North America and Dakar. If you live in the US or Canada and are interested in the Travel Package to Dakar, Senegal for our meeting in May 2006, please contact Kwaku Gyasi at gyasik@uah.edu or send payments directly to Ms. Idella Blackwwod at Aarco Travel. Ms. Blackwwod can be reached toll free at (800) 445-4611, via telephone at (773) 363-9500, fax (773) 363-7164 or via e-mail at nubian@aarcotravel.com. The entire package will cost $1970.00 This includes:

1. Round trip airline ticket JFK-Dakar-JFK from May 15 to 22, 2006

2. Double occupancy at the hotel Le Meridien President or Sofitel Teranga with

Continental Breakfast

3. Visit and hotel stay in St. Louis (former capital of Senegal) after the conference. In St.

Louis participants will stay at Hotel Coumba Bang or Hotel de la Poste

4. Ground transportation in Dakar

Hotel accommodation for participants not interested in the travel package but who would like to stay in the package hotels should mention FCHS and Albay Travel services when making reservations. Room rates are as follows :

Meridien President Double $116.00 per person Single $210	Sofitel Teranga Double $105.00 per person Single $185
Trip to Saint Louis Double $115.00 per person Single $130.00

Members are encouraged to visit www.senegal-tourism.com for information about going to Senegal.

Preliminary Program

Tuesday, May 16 / Mardi 16 Mai : Arrivée des conférenciers/Arrival of Participants

17 :00-19 :00. Centre de Recherche Ouest Africain/West African Research Center : Réception-Registration-Orientation

Wednesday, May 17 / Mercredi 17 Mai

8 :30 – 10 :00 Cérémonie d’ouverture/ Opening Ceremony

Présidence et mots de bienvenue : Professeur Sourang, Ministre de l’Education

- Le Recteur de l’UCAD de Dakar/ The Chancelor of UCAD

- L’Ambassadeur de France au Sénégal

- L’Ambassadeur des États Unis d’Amérique au Sénégal

- Le Représentant de l’AUF

- Robert Duplessis, Président de la French Colonial Historical Society

Conférence Inaugurale/Keynote Speech: Amadou Mahtar Mbow, Ancien Directeur Général de l’UNESCO : Colonisation et Culture/ Colonization and Culture.

10 :00 – 10 :30 Pause

10 :30 – 12 :00 Séance Plénière/Plenary Session UCAD II

Panel 1: Identification d’un Empire Colonial/Identifying a Colonial Empire

Président/Chair : Pr. Boubacar Barry, UCAD

- Robert DuPlessis, Swarthmore College. “Defining a French Atlantic Empire: Some Material Culture Evidence.”

- G. Wesley Johnson:     Senegal: Pilot Colony for French Black African Politics.

- Saliou Mbaye, Ancien Directeur des Archives Nationales du Sénégal : Les Archives de l’AOF : une Mémoire Partagée.

12 :00 – 14 : 00 Déjeuner / Lunch

14 :00 – 15 :30 Panels concurrents/Competing Panels

Panel 2: La France et l’hémisph re occidental 1/France and the Western hemisphere 1

Président/Chair : Rokhaya Fall, UCAD, Dakar

- Colin Coates, York University. “The Presence of Louis XIV in New France”.

- Jean-François Brière, State University of New York/Albany: Du Sénégal aux Antilles: Gaspard-Théodore Mollien en Haiti 1825-1831.

- Ken Donovan, Fortress of Louisbourg. “Jean-Baptiste Cupidon: From Dakar to Cape Breton.”

- Dimitris Michallopoulos, Academic Director, Historical Institute for Studies on Eleutherios Veniselos and his Era. “L’Impact de L’indépendance Haïtienne en Europe: la Reconnaissance du Gouvernement de la Grèce Soulevée par le Président Jean-Pierre Boyer.”

Panel 3: La France et l’hémisph re occidental 2/France and the Western hemisphere 2

Président/Chair : Philip Boucher, University of Alabama in Huntsville

- Carolyn Podruchny, York University “The Long Journey of the Turtle Who Wanted to Fly: Oral Motifs and Cultural Exchange in the Fur Trade.”

- Ibrahima Seck : Africains et Germaniques à la Rencontre de l’Amérique Française : l’Exemple de la Côte des Allemands en Louisiane.

- John Savage, “Poisoning Crimes: Perceptions of the Slave Poisoner in Martinique and the Metropole during the Restoration and July Monarchy”

- Nathalie Dessens: Depictions of early American Louisiana and Gallic Community’s resistance to Americanization.

15:30 – 16:00 Pause

16 :00 – 17 :30 Panels concurrents/Competing Panels

Panel 4: L’Afrique Occidentale Protocoloniale /Protocolonial West Africa

Président/Chair : Geoffrey Parker, Andreas Dorpalen Professor of History, The Ohio State University

- Cornelius Jaenen, University of Ottowa. “La France aborde l’Afrique Occidentale: Jean de Béthencourt aux Canaries, 1402-1405.”

- Assan Sarr, Michigan State University, “The French Occupation of Albreda and British Commerce along the Gambia River c. 1681-1857.”

- Ousmane Traoré, Université de la Sorbonne Paris IV. “Marge de Manœuvre et Pouvoir de Décision des Souverains Africains dans le Système des Relations Internationales, Transatlantiques et dans L’Evolution du Capitalisme Moderne en Afrique 1715-1800.”

Panel 5: La France, la Méditerranée, l’Océan Indien et le Pacifique/France, the Mediterranean Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean.

Président/Chair : Robert DuPlessis, Swarthmore College.

- Claudio Minca, University of Newcastle.

“Re-enchanting Morocco: A ‘Real’ Journey Through Travel Narratives.” (19^th century)

- Isa Blumi: Limitations of French Power in the Red Sea 1870-1908.

- Mark Choate, “Politics and Perception in the European Settlement of Tunisia: the French Colony vs. the Italian Colony”

- Mary Ellen Birkett, “France in the Pacific: A Case Study”.

Panel 6: Race, Identité et Colonisation/Race, Identity, and Colonization.

Président/Chair : Amadou Aly Dieng, Chercheur, Economiste.

- Carole Reynaud Paligot, Chercheur associé à l'Université de Franche-Comté. Races et colonies : usages coloniaux de la pensée raciale de la fin du 19^e siècle.

- Reine-Claude Grondin, “L’identité régionale au Prisme de la Colonisation. Fin XIX-1920”.